Your eyes can get sunburnt too: here’s what you can do to protect them

Summer is often associated with sunscreen, hats, and hydration, but very few people consider eye protection. The eyes are similar in some ways to the skin, and are sensitive to harmful sunlight, intense heat, dust and other environmental irritants. Overexposure to ultraviolet rays may also cause photokeratitis, otherwise known as “sunburn”, of the eyes and may lead to redness and watering of the eyes, sensitivity to light, and a gritty feeling.

Protecting the eyes

Protection of the eyes starts with something as simple as the use of high-quality sunglasses which can block 100% of ultraviolet radiations (UV) to the eyes. This is a great start when it comes to eye protection. Wide-brimmed hats or caps can add to the protection, especially in the peak sunlight hours when exposure to sunlight is highest. For people who spend long hours outdoors, these are not just preventive measures, but essential to maintain eye health.

Summer activities for kids tend to come with their own risks. Swimming is preferred by many to cool down, but when the pool is chlorinated, it can cause eye irritation. This causes redness, burning as well as itching. Well-fitted swimming goggles help in protecting the eyes from chlorine as well as other irritants.

Since chlorine, dust, and sweat can irritate the eyes, this may cause people to rub their eyes frequently, and while this may seem harmless, it has the potential to cause infections as well minor abrasions on the cornea. Rinsing the eyes with clean water or using preservative-free lubricant drops is always a safer way to respond to any irritation pertaining to the eyes.

Drinking plenty of water during the summer is important to retain eye health as well as hydration in general. Dehydration is to blame for any sort of dryness or discomfort in the eye, this makes the eyes feel tired and strained. Drinking enough fluids will also help in maintaining tear production at the right levels, in order to keep the eyes moist and secure.

Apart from hydration, diet also plays a significant role in the overall working of the eyes. Foods that are good for eye health include:

• Vegetables rich in antioxidants, such as leafy greens

• Vitamin A-rich food items such as carrots

• Fruits such as oranges, rich in vitamin C

• Nuts are also helpful since they are rich in Omega-3 fatty acids

During travel

For individuals travelling on two wheelers, it is necessary to use eye protection since they are prone to sudden irritation as well injuries with persistent exposure to dust, wind and small debris. These irritations can be prevented by using helmets with visors or even protective eyewear. Rubbing of eyes is not advised if any foreign particles settle in the eye. Also, it helps to blink the eyes several times or to wash the eyes with clean water. But any lingering discomfort must not be neglected.

Summer infections

Summer may also bring with it a rise in conjunctivitis cases commonly called “Madras eye”. Transmission of the condition is higher in warm months in overcrowded areas. The condition comes with symptoms such as redness around the eye, discharge, sensitivity to sunlight, minor swelling, and irritation. In order to prevent further transmission, proper hand hygiene must be maintained, along with refraining from sharing personal items. If the symptoms persist, then the individual must seek professional medical help as soon as possible.

When you need to see a doctor

Symptoms that need immediate treatment and attention from a doctor include, persistent redness in an eye, severe pain, blurring of vision, sensitivity to light, and eye discharge. Early evaluation and timely treatment can go a long way towards minimising complications and ensuring complete recovery.

Building awareness

Caring for the eyes during summer does not require complex routines, but it does require awareness and consistency. Throughout the summer season, it is advisable to ensure simple protective measure are followed, proper hygiene habits are developed, and timely care is sought when necessary.

(Dr. S. Sumathi is head, clinical services, Dr. Agarwals Eye Hospital, Chennai. drsumi83@gmail.com)

Published – March 25, 2026 12:20 pm IST