Security agencies alert on illegal use of satellite phones in Indian waters

Security agencies have issued an alert on the illegal use of satellite communication devices in Indian waters, terming it not only a violation of existing laws but also a potential threat to national security.

Acting on these inputs, the Directorate General of Shipping (DGS) has proposed stricter penal provisions to prevent the unauthorised usage of the satellite communication channels. 

Expressing concern, the DGS said security agencies continued to report instances of vessels and crew members carrying undeclared portable satellite communication devices, including satellite phones and satellite-enabled messaging equipment. Such incidents, it noted, were in clear violation of regulatory norms.

Security alerts also indicated the use of Zoleo satellite devices connected to smartphones compatible with Iridium satellite communication systems for messaging in areas without cellular network coverage. “Such actions constitute serious violations of existing orders and pose potential national security threats,” the DGS said. 

Focus on national security 

The DGS now seeks to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements governing the use, declaration, authorisation and reporting of satellite communication equipment by ships and seafarers operating in Indian waters, in the interest of maritime safety and national security.

In an earlier order dated July 12, 2023, the DGS had permitted the use of Iridium-based satellite communication equipment in Indian waters exclusively for Distress and Safety Communications under the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), subject to specified conditions. However, the use of Thuraya satellite equipment continued to remain banned in Indian waters.

The DGS pointed out in the absence of Iridium gateways or ground stations within the Indian region — both on land and at sea — communications made using Iridium-based portable devices could not be effectively monitored, examined or traced. “This limitation is of particular concern in suspicious or sensitive cases and underscores the necessity for strict compliance and enforcement,” it stated.

Under existing rules, satellite communication equipment that was not part of a ship’s GMDSS station and constituted the personal belongings of crew members or other individuals was not permitted for use in Indian waters or within Indian territory. Any such personal satellite devices found onboard must be placed under the custody of the Master (Captain) and sealed by Indian authorities upon arrival.

Tough action to curb the menace 

In a draft order issued recently calling for comments from stakeholders, the DGS stated any ship or vessel found violating rules related to satellite phone usage — including failure to declare or unauthorised use of satellite communication equipment — would be issued an infringement notice and face penal action under applicable Indian laws.

Punitive measures would be imposed under the provisions of the Indian Telecommunications Act, 2023, and the Merchant Shipping Act, 2025.

The order would apply to all Indian and foreign-flagged ships and vessels operating in Indian waters and ports. It would also extend to seafarers onboard vessels as well as shore-based personnel engaged in installation, maintenance, operation or related activities onboard ships.